Biologically based endodontics

– Etiology of pulp diseases:

- Superficial caries

- Caries in the spot stage

- Dental caries

- Deep caries.

– Histological events occurring in the pulp tissue below medium-deep caries lesions.

– Morphology of tertiary dentin and regressive changes in the odontoblast layer.

– The possibility that new odontoblasts can be formed from undifferentiated pulpal stem cells: fact or fantasy?

– Histological and microbiological events characterizing the transition from a “reversible” to an “irreversible” inflammatory state of the pulp.

– Clinical diagnosis of reversibility or irreversibility of pulp inflammation. How strict is the correlation between clinical and histologic diagnoses?

– The “selective excavation” concept. Critical analysis based on recent literature.

– Caries excavation: complete or incomplete

– Clinical protocols for “complete” or “non-selective” caries excavation.

– Treatment of deep cavities: contradictions and misconceptions

– Dense pigmented dentin: remove or leave on

– Do bacteria sealed in a cavity by a hermetic restoration become harmless?

– Reversible and irreversible pulpitis: clinical signs

– The concept of indirect pulp capping

– Direct pulp capping:

- Indications and contraindications

- Failures: early and late

- Methodology.

– Cracks in the dentin: tactics

– Partial pulpotomy: demonstration of the technique

– Bioceramic materials: options and properties

– Choice of treatment method: decision-making algorithm

– Sensitivity after direct pulp capping: tactics

– Materials for direct capping of pulp

– Calcium hydroxide. The first biomaterial in the history of dentistry.

– Apical limit of instrumental treatment and obturation of the root canal: nomenclature

– Apical constriction: definition

– Histological and histobacteriological conditions of the root canal

– Apical patency and the concept of working length

– Prevention of sawdust accumulation

– Manipulations in the area of the radiographic apex: consequences

– Microbial biofilm: localization

– Biological healing: histological aspects

– Pulp degeneration: progression of the process

– Mineralized dental deposits of endodontic origin

– Working with the apexlocator: clinical examples

– The role of silers based on calcium silicate

– Root canal treatment and irrigation: clinical recommendations.

– Obturation of lateral canals: influence on the result of treatment

– Histopathological status of tissues in the lateral canals

– Infection in the lateral canals: effect on healing

– Elimination of apical infection: method

– The complexity of the treatment of lateral canals: histological justification

– The effectiveness of cleaning the lateral canals with ultrasound

– Reasons for failures in cleaning and obturation of lateral canals

– Does the radiographic evidence of filling materials in ramifications correspond to their factual obturation?

– Lateral lesions: indications for surgical operation

– Vital tissues in the lateral canals: is it worth removing?

– Analysis of the tissues formed following successful pulp capping and pulpotomy procedures.

– Can odontoblasts and tubular dentin be regenerated?

– Tissue response of the radicular pulp tissue to microbial challenges in immature teeth.

– The role of “apical papilla” and HERS during the apical progression of pulp necrosis in immature roots.

– Control of infection as the crucial step in revascularization procedures.

– Evolution of protocols of revascularization procedures.

– Histologic analysis of tissues formed after successful revascularization procedures in human. Regeneration or repair?

– Evidence based clinical directives for the treatment of teeth with immature roots.